Realizing the importance of higher education in Nepal, the govt. is trying to improve the quality and accessibility by setting up new institutes, increasing expenditure and allowing the private sector to compete with the govt. run colleges and universities. Out of the 473 higher education institutes, only 80 are in public sector, which means 83% of colleges, and universities in Nepal are in private sector. Higher education in Nepal starts after the higher secondary level or the 12th standard. It consists of bachelor degree and diploma, postgraduate degree or diploma, M.phil degree and doctoral degrees. One needs to spend 3 to 5 years for completing a bachelor degree course in Nepal. But master's degree courses are generally of two years duration.
The govt. of Nepal has approved five universities till now- the Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu University, Pokhara University, Purbanchal University and Mahendra Sanskrit University. The only Buddhist University in the country, Siddartha University, is still awaiting the approval of the govt. Although most of the students enrolled for higher education in Nepal pursue courses in social sciences and humanities, various professional courses like medical engineering and management are increasingly becoming popular. But in order to improve the accessibility and relevance of higher education for all sections of society, the govt. needs to take various measures including an increment in the expenditure that stands at around 3% of GDP at present.
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